Qualifying Activities & Industries

The R&D tax credit applies more broadly than most businesses realize.

The credit is not limited to laboratories and pharmaceuticals. Any business developing new or improved products, processes, or software may qualify — across manufacturing, technology, engineering, food production, and many other industries.

What matters is not what industry you are in, but whether your team is engaged in activities that involve technical uncertainty, experimentation, and a process of evaluation. Below are the types of work that typically qualify.

What Counts as R&D

Qualifying Activities

Product Development

  • Designing new products or significantly improving existing ones
  • Developing prototypes and testing performance
  • Formulating new materials, compounds, or ingredients
  • Integrating existing technologies in novel ways

Process Innovation

  • Developing new manufacturing or operational methods
  • Automating production lines or internal workflows
  • Improving quality control and testing methodologies
  • Optimizing supply chain or logistics processes

Software Development

  • Building new software platforms or architectures
  • Developing algorithms, AI/ML models, or data systems
  • Creating custom integrations between systems
  • Designing and implementing security protocols

Engineering & Design

  • Novel structural or mechanical solutions
  • Simulation, modeling, and computational analysis
  • Custom fabrication and tooling design
  • Environmental system design and sustainability work
The IRS Standard

The Four-Part Test

The IRS evaluates qualifying activities using a four-part test. An activity must meet all four criteria to qualify for the R&D tax credit:

1

Permitted Purpose

The activity must be intended to develop a new or improved product, process, software, technique, formula, or invention.

2

Technological in Nature

The activity must rely on principles of engineering, computer science, biological science, or physical science.

3

Elimination of Uncertainty

There must be uncertainty regarding the capability, method, or design of the product or process at the outset of the activity.

4

Process of Experimentation

The activity must involve evaluating alternatives through modeling, simulation, systematic trial and error, or other methods.

Industries We Serve

Representative Industries

We work with South Carolina businesses across these industries and others. If your company is engaged in technical development or process improvement, qualifying activities may exist.

Manufacturing

Manufacturing

Process development, tooling design, materials testing, product design iterations, and quality improvements.

Discuss your activities →
Software & Technology

Software & Technology

New architectures, algorithm development, AI/ML training, platform integrations, and security protocols.

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Life Sciences & Biotech

Life Sciences & Biotech

Drug discovery, clinical research support, formulation development, medical device design, and regulatory testing.

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Engineering & Architecture

Engineering & Architecture

Novel structural solutions, prototype development, environmental system design, simulation, and custom fabrication.

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Food & Beverage

Food & Beverage

New product formulation, process efficiency, preservation techniques, packaging innovation, and ingredient substitution.

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Agriculture & Construction

Agriculture & Construction

Crop yield improvement, equipment automation, irrigation systems, new building methods, and environmental solutions.

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Not Sure If Your Activities Qualify?

A brief consultation to evaluate your qualifying activities and outline what a well-supported engagement would look like.

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